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ICTD

Netbook Mania

So one of the outcomes of my study last August is that admittedly.. people don’t want mobile phones for their health records, they want laptops. And these new netbooks – well they cost the same as these smartphones. But last August, the eeepcs had a battery life of 1.5 hours and only about 4MB of storage. So when they died in the middle of the comparative studies, all of the people I talked to changed their minds and said that battery life was a non-starter; they had to have something that would last. I did a little shopping though – and for just about $50 more, you can get a standard hard drive (instead of solid state), and a 6 cell battery, and end up with a 10in eeePC that lasts for 7 hours and has 160GB of hard drive space.

Even without the new configuration, people are raving about these netbooks. They won’t let me take them back to the states, and people keep buying them off me – so I have to replace them when I get back home, using the cash people give me. More stuff to carry when I come back – it’s a wonder I always make it through customs with my 6-8 laptops..

The reaction to my laptops this time is that everyone wants to buy these off of me “when your project ends” – to which I always say that when my project ends, the laptops will still be in use because the project will continue without me – unless they are already certain of my failure (I hope not!).

The proposal for now is twofold: two of the laptops will be used as asynchronous web servers, akin to the design used in the Ghana Consultation Network, allowing the Program Management Office in Mbarara and the Management Agency Head Office in Kampala to access claims information even when their Internet connection is down – basically, since the processor will certainly be slow, it will be a caching agent. (I might try Google Gears as well and see if that works better, but this is something that I can intelligently back up and that they can own locally.) The rest of the laptops will be allocated to two of the private health clinics for use in administering their claims forms. However – a primary distinction from the mobile phone solution is that they don’t include communications technology. I will explore a couple of options – including both a sneakernet style solution of sending the forms by SD card, or the more expensive solution of attaching a falcom modem to the laptop, which essentially doubles the cost of the laptop. A few other clinics will be assigned mobile phones, and the remaining clinics will be controls – I will visit them, continue to run surveys, and observe claims administration, and monitor their transcations, but I won’t deploy services there for at least the first 9 months, although I may encourage my partners to independent conduct their own deployment (i.e. with my supervision but not done by me) towards the end of my study.

This study involves simultaneously understanding both the technical feasibility of these solutions and the financial feasibility of these solutions – it will take time to make the service providers understand the ramifications of the various solutions – and the resultant costs and benefits to them. What are the tradeoffs they will make in the end? I think different providers will choose different means in the end.. and it is entirely possible that they might choose to purchase a laptop but not use it for online claims submission, purely for its other utilities. Or because the service provider is of higher means and higher claim volume, they might choose to do online claims submission and pay the service fees because timely payment is so extremely critical for them. I’m curious to see what happens, and I can’t wait to see how it all unfolds.

Grace Hopper: Having an Global Impact as a Technical Woman

I’m here at in Keystone, Colorado to present on a panel with Elizabeth Basha, Revi Sterling, and Ruth Anderson about how to get involved with information technology and international development. Given the oh-so-appropo theme, I’m wondering if there’s anyone else that I know that’s here?

I’ve just been going over the sessions, and it’s totally action packed. Here’s the schedule of the ICTD-themed sessions I’m hoping to attend:

Come find me (I have no idea who will actually read this). And maybe we can go explore the rockies a bit on Thursday afternoon!

Born In September: Creative Things to Do with One's Birthday

Check out http://borninseptember.org

Basically some guy decided that instead of getting birthday presents one year, he was going to ask people to donate $31/person so he could invest in wells in a bunch of villages in Africa.

The OBA project coordinator in the Mbarara office showed me this link (ostensibly to illustrate to me the power of multimedia video presentations so I could make one about the HealthyBaby project) and suddenly I felt like a card for not being more generous with my birthday. :)

Anyways, even though I’m not a September baby, feel free to divert any birthday attention for me towards this project instead.

Alternatively, I’ll accept future donation pledges for my up-and-coming newly founded nonprofit organization: http://tiergroup.org

Basically, we’re taking our research group, and starting an independent organization – to support the university research, and to spin out new products and services based on our various projects. =)

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Preparing for Power Cuts

I’m pretty gadget heavy on this trip. In terms of power stuff I have:

1 solar flexible-panel charger (retail $99-ish) for 4 AA batteries
2 solio solar chargers, for mobile phones and usb devices
(can be charged via solar or grid power. I only have one adapter
for grid power) (retail about $80 each)
1 inverter (retail about $40)
1 potenco pull cord charger for charging car batteries (on loan)

plus lots of portable cell phone chargers (that can double as flashlights, $25ish) using AA batteries, and a few $5 LED book lights with hard-to-replace batteries. I also have two sidewinders (retail $25) which are wind-up flashlights+cellphone chargers. They aren’t
particularly useful for charging cell phones, but they are better than nothing in a pinch.

the potenco pull cord charger is also a lot of work to charge a car battery – you wouldn’t want to use it unless you could hire some kids to pull at it on a regular basis for cheaper than you could pay for the equivalent work’s worth of fuel. It’s a great device tho, and
could easily be hooked up to a bike or a windmill (not too fast of a windmill tho). To charge a car battery, basically you bolt the charger to a wall, grab the two ends of a rope, and then you swing your arms like you are on a nordic track. Some lights come on and the
battery starts charging.

I haven’t tried it yet because I don’t have a car battery yet. :) I’ll try it next week when I go to Rubindi and I’m staying in the rural health clinic overnight. By some miracle I haven’t experienced a single power cut yet.

It’s also been raining, so the solio chargers and the AA batterycharger don’t seem to have charged fully yet, although maybe they would if I put them outside directly instead of just in my window..  I suspect the AA battery charger’s 4 hour claim for 2 batteries only works for the standard AA rechargeables and not my super-high capacity 2700 mAH batteries, because they only every charged up halfway.   In the end they really just work well as capacitors for grid power. =P

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My Secret Public Service to African Computers

Since I’m about to do this to my VMware installation of windows I thought it would be a good time to write a quick blog post on how to prevent your Windows computer from being infected by cds, dvds, and usb drives.

Of course this means that when you pop in a cd/dvd, it will no longer automatically launch some nice little installer application for you – you’ll have to go to "My Computer" and explicitly do that yourself.  But you’re better off doing things that way anyways. Trust me!

Last time I was in Uganda (November 2007) I managed to infect my usb drive, and then subsequently infect several laptops and PCs with my drive, when I tried to copy some files from a school computer. Basically some virus copied itself onto my drive, and then when I inserted it into a new computer, the computer automatically ran a special file called "autorun.inf", which launched the virus.  There were a couple of variants, including a funny one that made all of my folders hidden, and created a bunch of executable files with the same names as my folders, that had icons that looked like folders.  I mistakenly double-clicked on the "folders", and voila – another infection.  Insidious little trojan horses…  To make a long story short, I ended up spending a lot of time downloading AVG Free Anti-virus and installing it everywhere, since that was the only freely available anti-virus software that was up-to-date enough to remove these worms and viruses.. =)

Now we could have avoided all of these problems, if only execution of autorun.inf were disabled!

There’s a few sets of instructions on the web for how to do that.  Most of them just tell you how to do it for cd roms, a few give instructions that will disable it for both cdroms and usb drives:

http://www.tildemark.com/tips/disable-autorun-on-cdrom-or-usb-drives.html
http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows/disable-autoplay-of-audio-cds-and-usb-drives/

The general gist of both sets of instructions is as follows:

  1. Run the Group Policy Editor by typing "gpedit.msc" in the run box ("Start->Run")
  2. Navigate to Local Computer Policy -> Computer Configuration -> Administrative Template-> System
  3. Double-clinic "Turn Off Autoplay"
  4. Select Enabled, and specify that you want to turn off autoplan for "All drives"
  5. Click OK, Close the Group Policy Editor.

Do it!  Do it now!

The other thing you should do, is that anytime you are not actually copying files to your usb drive, and you are just giving files to someone else, make sure to make your usb drive read only (if possible), so if their computer is infected, they can’t infect your usb drive.

I’ve also thought about carrying around a copy of anti-virus software, but I’m feeling dis-enchanted with AVG-Free (it’s bloated, they have started running nagware for their paid services, and it’s not that straightforward to update if you don’t have a direct internet connection).  I’ve also OSX-ified myself, so have since stopped paying as much attention to Windows…. But if anyone has recommendations for good, solid, affordable anti-virus software I can give out to people in Africa, I’d be happy to check them out!

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Having an Impact as a Global Woman

Elizabeth Basha, Ruth Anderson, Revi Sterling, and I are presenting an ICTD panel at the Grace Hopper Celebration in Colorado on October 4-5, 2008.  For those of you interested in pre-conference participation, we just set up a blog/resource website so everyone can talk about what we directions we might want to take during the panel and how we might want to use the time.

Come join the conversation!

Panel Info:
http://gracehopper.org/2008/conference/program-schedule/friday-october-3-session-7

Our Portal:
http://gracehoppper.ictdchick.com

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Mobile Phone Microscope

So last year, our co-winners in the Bears Breaking Boundaries IT for Society contest was a group of students working on attachments for cell phone cameras that could be used for microscopy diagnosis of diseases like malaria. Since then both of our projects have been taken up by the Blum Center for Developing Economies, and the Telemicroscopy for Disease Diagnosis project has been written up in the news by a number of media organizations, including a recent issue of the Economist.

It’s part of an interesting new direction for technology research – instead of just building faster, more high-resolution (and more expensive) devices, people are working on ways to build low cost devices that are more robust, can be mass produced, and can provide good enough information for primary triage.

On another note, these devices (as the economist article posits) could be well deployed with a good mobile-phone-based data collection system – collecting not just text and numbers, but images as well.

As part of the evaluation for the Uganda OBA project, Ben Bellows and his collaborators at Makarere University are conducting a household survey in the coverage area of the project and in a similar control area. As part of this survey they have to also do sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, trying to determine the actual prevalence of STIs and not just an estimate based on who comes in for diagnosis and treatment. Can you imagine how much easier and verifiable these surveys would be if 1) the data collection could be done electronically, and 2) digital media for the testing could be integrated into the data collection records? Not that all diagnoses could be done with cell-phone microscopy, and you still need careful sample and slide preparation. But it’s still something to think about…

Solar Power for Emergency Obstetric Care in Nigeria

2008 BBB Citris Award Recipients
This is a bit belated (I’m something like 6 months behind on blog posts) but my group got an honorable mention at this year’s Bear’s Breaking Boundaries IT for Society competition. Our project, led by Laura Stachel (MD, studying for a DrPH in the School of Public Health) proposes to provide sufficient reliable power for lighting, diagnostic equipment, and communications to support emergency obstetric care for a rural hospital in Zaria, Northern Nigeria. It’s a really cool proposal – basically coming up with a series (aka "menu") of solar lighting and power packages for different climates. Lighting is provided through led flood-lamps, power is intended for diagnostic equipment, and charging of communications equipment, with everything completely independent of the main power system of the hospital (minimizing exposure to power spikes and unwanted drainages). I think the other good thing about this proposal is that it targets emergency care – an oft-neglected and sorely critical aspect of healthcare in developing regions. For more info, there’s a flyer here and you can contact us at wheretheresnolight at googlegroups dot com.

AfriGadget

My friend Neema pointed out AfriGadget, a blog showcasing African ingenuity. The posts currently on the front page feature everything from biodiesel and renewable energy to simpsons toys to mobile phones made from recycled parts.

CFP: Telecommunications Policy Research Conference

– forwarded from my advisor –

TPRC is an annual conference on communication, information, and internet policy that convenes international and interdisciplinary practitioners and researchers from academia, industry, government, and nonprofit organizations together with policy makers. The 2008 conference will be held September 26 – September 28, 2008 at The National Center for Technology & Law, George Mason University School of Law, Arlington, VA.

TPRC is now soliciting abstracts of papers, student papers, panel proposals, and student posters for presentation at the 2008 conference. Proposals should be based on current theoretical or empirical research relevant to communication and information policy, and may be from any disciplinary perspective. TPRC seeks submissions of disciplinary, comparative, multi-disciplinary or interdisciplinary excellence.

Subject areas of particular interest include, but are not limited to the following (for more detailed descriptions see http://tprcweb.com):

  • Network Competition, Policy and Management
  • Next Generation and all-IP Networks: Policy, Regulatory, Architectural and Societal Issues
  • Spectrum Management and Wireless Futures: Anywhere, Anytime Communications and its Implications
  • Societal Issues: Universality and Affordable Access; ICTs for Development and Growth
  • The Transformation and Future of Media in an Age of User- and Community-Produced Creativity
  • The Transformation and Future of Intellectual Property and Digital Rights
  • Privacy, Security, Identity and Trust
  • Internet Governance and Institutional Strategies for Information Policy
  • Other Emerging Topics

Submissions are due by May 2, 2008. Please see the guidelines for authors for additional information.

With best regards,

Johannes M. Bauer

Johannes M. Bauer
Professor, Telecommunication, Information Studies, and Media
Co-Director, Quello Center for Telecommunication Management & Law
Michigan State University
409 Communication Arts and Sciences
East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1212
Fixed +1.517.432.8003, mobile +1.517.944.4154, Fax +1.517.432.8065
Web http://www.msu.edu/~bauerj and http://quello.msu.edu